Land

Land and Land Resources

Georgia is situated in the south-east part of Europe between Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia and the Black Sea. The length of costal zone is 310 km; the length of land border covers 1838 km that consists of the following according to the neighboring countries: length of land border to Russia is 894 km, length of land border to Azerbaijan is 445 km, length of land border to Armenia is 224 km, length of land border to Turkey is 275 km.  The whole length of Georgian border is about 2148 km.
Land area of the country is 6949, 4 thousand ha. In 2002, according to Georgian Law ‘About Water', the area of territorial water was counted and defined as 679,0 thousand ha. As a result, the whole area of the country has been determined as 7628,4 thousand ha since January 1, 2002 and 3025,8 thousand ha (39,7%) out of it is agricultural land. 
Intensive usage land - arable and perennial plantations, is 1065,3 thousand ha (35,2% of the whole agricultural land) and that consists of 802,1 thousand ha arable land (26,5%), 263,5 thousand ha perennial plantations (8,7%), 143,5 thousand ha mowing land (4,7%), 1796,6 thousand ha pastures (59,4%).
20,1 thousand ha (0,7%) of agricultural lands is covered by buildings and yards. 60,3% or 4602,6 thousand ha of territory of the country is shrubberies, water, roads, buildings and other unused areas (rocks, ravines, erosion land, cemeteries).
2838,3 thousand ha (33,3%) of the whole territory of the country is covered by forest; 11,5 thousand ha (0,2%) is field protection wood zone; 154,7 thousand ha (2,1%) is wood shrubbery; 17,1 thousand ha (0,2%) is wetland; 
876,5 thousand ha (11,5%); is covered by water: 91,3 thousand ha (1,2%) is rivers and streams, 17,9 thousand ha (0,2%) is reservoirs, 21,3 thousand ha (0,3%) is glaciers, 17,5 thousand ha (0,2%) is lakes, 1,0 thousand ha (0,01%) is puddles, 49,0 thousand ha (0,6%) is main line canals and its networks, 678,5 thousand ha (8,9%) is the Black Sea territorial water, 291,2 thousand ha (3,8%) is roads, 108,1 thousand ha (1,4%) is buildings, 6,3 thousand ha (0,1%) is damaged lands.
298,9 thousand ha (3,9%) is unused non-agricultural land that consists of 18,4 thousand ha (0,2%) is rocks, 2,4 thousand ha (0,3%) is sands, 171,3 thousand ha (2,2%) is ravines, 4,1 thousand ha (0,05%) is cemeteries, 102,7 thousand ha (1,3%) is erosion land.